為什麼專業英語寫作如此重要?
專業英語寫作的核心準則包括:
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句子清楚(clarity)
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用字簡潔精準(conciseness & precision)
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字句連貫(cohesion)
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語意連貫(coherence)
為了符合這些準則,修辭與文法成為寫作中不可或缺的一環。良好的寫作能讓文章更加清晰易懂、引人入勝,並提升可讀性。因此,練習並熟悉這些原則是提升寫作能力的關鍵。
在這篇文章中,編譯通將帶你深入解析學生常見的寫作錯誤,並提供實用的修正建議。
現在,就讓我們一起來檢查你的英語寫作是否合乎標準!
✍️ 1. 一致性(Agreement)錯誤
英語寫作中,不一致(agreement errors)是華人學生常見的錯誤之一,主要包含:
✅ 平行句構中的詞性不一致
✅ 主詞與動詞不一致
✅ 修飾語與被修飾語不一致
以下將分項說明。
1.1 平行句構中的詞性不一致
錯誤示範: ❌ Mobile phones are used for watching films, learning, and entertainment.
正確示範: ✅ Mobile phones are used for watching films, learning, and playing games.
在列舉時,每個項目的詞性必須一致。以上錯誤示範中,watching films 和 learning 均為動名詞(-ing 形式),但 entertainment 為名詞,因此需改為 playing games 來保持一致。
📌 小試身手
❓ Roger has studied archery, forestry, and how to treat wild animals.
🔍 應改為: Roger has studied archery, forestry, and the treatment of wild animals.
1.2 主詞與動詞不一致
錯誤示範: ❌ It is Jenny, rather than her sisters, that have a crush on the boy living next to them.
正確示範: ✅ It is Jenny, rather than her sisters, that has a crush on the boy living next to them.
這裡的主要主詞是 Jenny,屬於單數,因此動詞應使用 has 而非 have。
📌 小試身手
❓ It is my brothers, rather than my sister, that ____ (have) been to Japan.
🔍 答案: have
1.3 修飾語與被修飾語不一致
錯誤示範: ❌ Containing acidic chemicals, the quality of the water at Waterfront Park is not fit for swimming in.
正確示範: ✅ Containing acidic chemicals, the water at Waterfront Park is not fit for swimming in.
分詞構句中的主詞應與修飾語保持一致。在此例中,containing acidic chemicals 應該修飾 the water 而非 the quality of the water。
📌 小試身手
❓ Feeling exhausted, it was difficult for Peter to go mountain climbing on Monday with his friends.
🔍 應改為: Feeling exhausted, Peter had difficulty going mountain climbing on Monday with his friends.
✍️ 2. 避免寫作流於口語化
書面語與口語表達方式有所不同,寫作應更加正式、精煉,並避免過於隨意的語言。
錯誤示範(口語化): ❌ When he spoke against his teacher, he impressed the other students.
正確示範(正式寫作): ✅ His argument with the teacher impressed the other students.
📌 小試身手
❓ When he discussed LGBTQ issues with his parents, he pissed his parents off.
🔍 應改為: His discussion about LGBTQ issues ruffled his parents’ feathers.
(註:ruffle sb’s feathers 意指「使某人生氣」)
✍️ 結語
寫作是一門需要長期練習的技能,無論是學術寫作、商業溝通或日常英語寫作,都需要注意文法、用詞與表達方式。
掌握 一致性(agreement)和 正式表達(formal writing)這兩大關鍵原則,你的寫作將變得更加清晰、專業,並展現出更高的語言能力!
現在就開始練習,提升你的英語寫作吧!